corruption in Pakistan,Efforts against corruption and steps needed

 Corruption in Pakistan:

Pakistan has always been active to eradicate corruption both internationally and domestically.But the desire of eradication has occasional been translated into actions.However Pakistan active participation in the finalization of UN convention against corruption shows through active part in negotiations. An international conference on UN convention against corruption was organized in Islamabad in April 2004. It was an important initiative but little benefits  have been achieved by the efforts Pakistan has witnessed improvements in the world corruption level in 2016.

Transparency International Report:

The Pakistan chapter of Transparency International identified corruption cases worth RS.300 billion in different federal government departments in previous years alone. These were the only cases that came to limelight.

Pakistan is the 124 least corrupt nations out of 180 countries according to 2020 corruption  perception index reported by transparency international.corruption rank in Pakistan averaged 109.48 from 1995 to 2019, reaching an all time high level of 144 in 2005 and a  previous record  of low level of 39 in 1995.

Efforts against corruption:

Institutions and organizations:

The West Pakistan anti-corruption establishment ordinance,1961 created the provincial anti-corruption establishment . The Ehtesab bearue was created in 1997. the bureau was entrusted to investigate against corruption .1999 National accountability ordinance was promulgated which created the National Accountability Bureau as the supreme anti-corruption agency of the federal government.So These are the organizations that are working for rooting out corruption from our country Pakistan.

 

Role of state against corruption:

If the system is to be prevented from ultimate collapse and from further sinking into chaos , collective actions must be taken forth with, especially the Chief organs of the state legislature, judiciary,and executive to work pro actively . across the board of law,merit base appointments and the easy access to justice is the only solution to save Pakistan from corruption, which is responsible for poverty, inflation , terrorism,illiteracy,lack of electricity and bending of essential food commodities.the state will spent it's entire energies  to enforcing the laws that protect public from cheats rather than enforcing a system that encourage and protects them.                         

  

  To oppose corruption in  government institutions  it is a dire need to promote the spirit of patriotism.

Steps needed for the  of corruption:

To eradicate corruption one need to address the individual mindset.

One need to change the money - oriented outlook with a value oriented code of life.

One needs to persuade people that money is just a need and not an ultimate goal.

To increase integrity and accountability in procurement , independent monitoring and oversight mechanism are crucial.

Civil society participation is very important to ensure anti- corruption strategies lead to greater counter response towards the corrupt persons.

Recent developments in open contracting and the use of new technologies are promising, developments to counter corruption at the local level.

Access to information provision , capacity building for public sector and civil society and usher- friendly processing of data are neededto ensure civil society is ableto successfully contribute to anti- corruption efforts.

Paying civil servants well:

 civil servants are  not appropriately compensated or grossly underpaid or they pay is too much low which is not enough to fulfill domestic expenditures will clearly affect motivation and incentives.if public sector wages will be too low employees may find themselves under this compromise to supplement their income in unofficial ways.

Creating transparency and openness in government spending:

Subsidies, tax-exemption, public procurement of goods and services,soft credits,extra budgetary funds under the control of politicians are all elements of various waysin which government manages .Government collect taxes,tap the capital markets to increase money,take foreign aids to allocate these resources to satisfy a multiplicity of needs.

Cutting red- tape:

High correlation between the incidence of corruption and the extent of beauroc.ratic red tap are needed to be rooted out.

Deploying smart technology:

Just as government induced distortions provide many opportunities for corruption similarly the direct connection between the government officials and citizens can open the way for elicit transaction.use readily available technologies to encourage more of an arm length relationship between the government officials and citizens . Internet has proved to be an important factor to reduce corruption.

Rule of law:

There should be rule of law to caught the thieves and give strict type of punishment so that it produce fear among theives in this way we can reduce corruption.

Meritocracy:

During election of government officials,functionaries meritocracy must be implemented so that capable person come forward .the judiciary both at high level and low level should be strong.

Honest leadership:

Miss Fatima Jinnah once said that corruption is like a snow which starts from the snow.the foremost need is that the top most executive authority should be merit of interitywho should not be corrupt and should not permit others to indulge in corruption.

Role of religious clerics:

It is also the duty of ulema to tell the public that what Islam says about corruption and what are the punishments for the corrupt person.there are several ayyat and ahdiths which condemned the corrupt practices.

Promoting awareness through the education sector:

Public and private school system should be engaged students about the causes and ill effects of corruption on the national development and on the life of an individual.

Public participation:

There is a need to develop a civil society that demand for the clean government and the government has to struggle to create a vigorous civil society by welcoming it as a partner in the fight against corruption.

Vibrant role of media:

The government should provide an enabling environment for the proper functioning of media .the media must respond by becoming more responsible and by creation of self accountability mechanism.the main object is to exhibit the public demand of clean government.